The Influence Music Has on Society

Chantal Foster College writing 21 October 2012 The influence music has on society Music has been around for thousands of years. Many people have been shaped from it differently. For some music has been a bad influence, and others it’s been a good influence. Different types of music have grown rapidly in these past few years. Throughout the years music has changed the way it influences people. In earlier years music was used more for celebration and now music is used to voice your opinion and try to influence your audience to believe what you stand for.Music is usually one of the highly blamed sources for the influences on society today. Many people are influenced by music they listen to. Mostly because they want to copy their favorite artist or because they feel that’s a way of expressing themselves and fitting in with the people that are into the same music. It’s also a way to find similar things to other people who listen to different music. Music influences ho w people act, what people do and our religion. Some ways that society has been influenced by music is, for example music can dictate how a person speaks.In most rap songs its most rappers rap with mostly slang words, so most people think it’s cool to talk just like them. Some slang words that rappers would use that society uses today are â€Å"crib† which means house and most people use that slang today. Then society talks like them and stick to talking like that for the rest of their life, and that makes them the person they are today. Another way music has influenced society is the way society dresses. For example, in some music videos rappers have on baggy jeans, showing their draws.Most people watch those videos and get ideas from it, and start dressing just like them. In some songs the artists has a certain style of clothing that looks really nice. This could be a good inspiration on society. Many people try to dress nice like them, and set a style for their selve s. For example an artist might talk about all the different clothing and styles they wear and then have on some of the amazing clothing. That makes people want to buy some and wear it like their favorite rapper or singer. This is one of the good influences on society.Music can also influence the way we act, feel and believe in sometimes. There are so many different types of music that can influence society. Like christian music, this type of music influences to believe in something. Religion has always had music of some form and the songs that they sing influence people to believe in their god. Music can sometimes dictate us towards what religion we might be interested in or the way we feel about a certain subject or concept in life. Firstly Christian music influences them to believe more in there God and is a way they gain love with God.Secondly the songs are usually about joyous things and make the audience feel happy, which inspires them to do good things. The lyrics in Christian songs are about either doing good or praising God. The songs about doing good influence the listener to want to help others and show love to everyone. This is one of the good ways music influences society. Some of the bad influences that music has had on society is when music starts to talk about drugs, murders,and sex. Most of the violent acts that society does is blamed on music, for the simple fact that most rappers talk about â€Å"shooting† or â€Å"fighting† their enemies. Like in the

Case Analysis of Yahoo Business Model Essay

Abstract Yahoo! business model is to perform value creation activities to maximum its long run profitability in the internet advertising industry. Yahoo! first started as a simple directory. And today, it’s a global internet communication, commerce, and media company that serve 237 million individual users monthly. Because of the huge number of users now are using Yahoo! as a first look up website, its advertising revenue become a lot. To have a competitive advantage and get maximum profitability, Yahoo! decided to pursue vertical integration strategy. The benefit of vertical integration is to increase the quality of their products. ­Ã‚ ­ Yahoo Business Model Introduction Yahoo! Inc. is an American multinational Internet corporation headquartered in Sunnyvale, California. It is globally known for its Web portal, search engine Yahoo Search, and related services, including Yahoo Directory, Yahoo Mail, Yahoo News, Yahoo Finance, Yahoo Groups, Yahoo Answers, advertising, online mapping, video sharing, fantasy sports and its social media website. It is one of the most popular sites in the United States. According to news sources, roughly 700 million people visit Yahoo websites every month. Yahoo was founded by Jerry Yang and David Filo in January 1994 and was incorporated on March 1, 1995. On July 16, 2012, former Google executive Marissa Mayer was named as Yahoo CEO and President, effective July 17, 2012. According to comScore, Yahoo during July 2013 surpassed Google on the number of United States visitors to its Web sites for the first time since May 2011, set at 196 million United States visitors, having increased by 21 percent in a year. Yahoo grew rapidly throughout the 1990s. Like engines and Web directories, Yahoo added a web portal. By 1998, Yahoo! was the most popular starting point for web users. It also made many high-profile acquisitions. Its stock price skyrocketed during the dot-com bubble, Yahoo  stocks closing at an all-time high of $118.75 a share on January 3, 2000. However, after the dot-com bubble burst, it reached a post-bubble low of $8.11 on September 26, 2001. Business Model To take an early view of this company, one can come to realize that it was actually bravery and uniqueness that contributed to most of Yahoo’s young business plan. The owners had the veracity and guts to take their web site to the next level, from a small web site list to a well-known brand name and beyond. Most of the foundations for Yahoo were laid before the Dot Com Boom, meaning very few people had ever made a venture like this one. Yahoo’s business model was about stepping up and taking risk. The founders of this great company strove to make their web site unique, a feature-full piece of the internet that would consolidate the regular web user’s preferences into one place. Yahoo was about having a home on the internet. Soon Yahoo grew, and soon after the Dot Com Boom they were making share-price history, particularly in Japan. Things were going exceptionally well for this company, but as competition entered the fray, the young business minds behind the behemoth realized that their business model had to change. It was no longer unique in the sense that web sites like MSN and Google were bumping shoulders. Yahoo was in danger to losing their appeal. That’s when they realized that their primary focus from there on in would have to be diversification. Yahoo wanted to be about having everything you needed on the internet in one place. As technology developed people were doing more and more of their regular business online. Yahoo had to diversify and fast. Yahoo primarily wanted people to be able to find whatever they needed on this web site, so they soon started acquiring search engines. They later made a deal with Google and made a partnership with the largest search engine on the internet. This of course wasn’t enough to fit their business model of diversification. Yahoo moved into a pact with Verizon and launched their own internet DSL service. They introduced communication with Yahoo Messenger. They allowed people to check their e-mail with Yahoo Webmail. Soon enough they had everything from games to TV listings to personals. Diversification was going swimmingly for Yahoo. They soon controlled everything that the average person needed on the internet. They were finally  becoming the internet super-power they are today. However, it was quickly realized that their business model had to change again. Diversification was reaching its limit, so Yahoo began to focus on growth and expansion the focus of its business model today. The company began to acquire companies such as Flickr, expanding their online empire. This is where we see Yahoo today. An online sensation that won’t stop. Its growth is now its primary focus, and who knows where their developing business model will take them next. (See Visibility of Yahoo! Brand was realized by comScore Matrix in 2004). Yahoo Corporate Governance and strategic Issue Yahoo! faces a number of governance and strategic challenges in late 2011 as it tries to compete with rivals such as Google and find ways to monetize its shareholding and business links with Alibaba Group in China and Yahoo! Japan. The company was valued at almost half the offer that Microsoft had made in its acquisition offer in 2008. The depth of the challenge is underscored by the frequent CEO changes the company has had. The case examines the successes and failures at Yahoo! and the decisions now facing its board as it encounters investor pressure to improve performance. The problem at Yahoo! was that it was losing its advantage to faster-growing companies such as Google also the scope of organization’s activities was not defined properly as per Market Demand. For example, should the organization concentrate on one area of activity, or should it have many? I believed that Yahoo! was spread too thinly over too many different activities. Overall I can Say Yahoo Corporate Goveranance was lacking clarity of ownership, accountability, lack in focused, cohesive vision for there company. Yahoo, while not a dying company, has struggled to stay relevant after it missed the two biggest trends on the internet: social networks and the move to mobile devices as the gateway to information and entertainment. Yahoo total revenue in millions Recommendation to Mayer Marissa Mayer is an ex-Google exec, after 13-year career at the biggest  Cloud Company on Earth, Mayer brings relevant experience to the CEO position of the once-great Web Company. Mayer knows who she’s competing against, she wants to win, and that means Yahoo! needs to attract Valley-class talents. Mayer did what leaders do: She made a decision that made some people unhappy in order to achieve success for the whole enterprise (toned-up employees and shareholders). After seeing Yahoo! lose altitude year after year, the criticism leveled at Mayer makes me optimistic about the company’s future. Yahoo total revenue in millions of dollars Mobile Products Mayer’s first task should be to articulate a vision for Yahoo. Mayer should be more focused on As we know that Mobile is the future and mobile transition is now a global phenomenon so I recommend Mayer to be more focused on users habits through products and applications available on its web portal such as finance, news, weather, email, sports, etc Mobile Competition Mayer has to be well prepared for mobile competition, report suggest that Facebook and google is now expected to reach a market share of almost 40% of the mobile advertising market in the US next year. Its mobile games and apps are showing no signs of slowing down, Facebook and Google is sure to give Yahoo! a tough time as the latter tries to expand into mobile. Revenue diversification While increasing usage Yahoo! needs to put more focus on growing international presence and appealing to a broader demographic of users. At present, Yahoo! derives 75% of its total revenue from the Americas region, something that needs to be worked on in the future. Search growth and Advertisement Internet Search should continue to be a key area of investment for Yahoo! .Yahoo! should improve more on the advertising quality on its search engine, If Yahoo! can maintain above key areas than I think it’s likely to grow even further in the future. References: Yahoo FAQs. (2012). Investors FAQs . Retrieved from http://yhoo.client.shareholder.com/faq.cfm Jones, G. R. (2007). Yahoo. In C. W. L. Hill & G. R. Jones (Eds.), Strategic Management AnIntegrated Approach (8th ed., pp. C102-C114). Boston, NY: Houghton Mifflin Company. Yahoo! we value. Retrieved from http://docs.yahoo.com/info/values/ Yahoo 10K. (2011, 12 31). Yahoo 10k Annual Report . Retrieved from http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/YHOO/2120211742x0xS1193125-12-86972/1011006/filing.pdf Income statement Retrieved from http://in.finance.yahoo.com/q/is?s=YHOOWomack, B. (2012, 08 10). Yahoo strategy review may result in changes to cash plans. Bloomberg, Retrieved from http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-08-09/yahoo-ceo-strategy-review-may-result-in-changes-to-cash-plans.html The NewYork Times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/14/technology/companies/14baidu.html?_r=1Claburn, T. (2006, 01 13). Yahoo loses lawsuit over nazi memorabilia sale.

Argument paper Choose from Supplied List Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Argument paper Choose from Supplied List - Essay Example There have been a number of studies that proved how continuous exposure to advertising leads children to buy products they see on ads which are dominated by soda and chips (Hastings et al., 2003; IOM, 2006; Story & French, 2004). There have also been several quantitative studies that assess how heavier media spend equates to higher purchase of food being advertise which also results to increase of diseases and obesity among children (IOM, 2006; Hastings et al., 2003). This alarming rise of obesity and diabetes on children and the relentless power of food companies to convince children to unhealthy food choices are the strongest reason for schools to take a more active part in giving proper nutrition to children. Parents are unable to supervise their children when in school. That is a total of six to seven hours of unmonitored time (Berg & Debroff, 2005). The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recently released a study (Joelving, 2011) stating that everyone must help in this epidemi c including the public schools. However, even the public schools that are supposed to be supporting health initiatives are not doing enough to traffic the bad influences that children have when it comes to nutrition. This paper intends to understand the need for public schools to stop offering soda and junk foods in school cafeteria and the challenges that school may face in implementing such a policy. Junk Food in Public School Cafeteria The Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004 required each local education agency that participates in the National School Lunch Program or other child nutrition program to offer USDA approved meals. This means that public schools are required to offer nutritious food in their cafeterias but 43 percent of participating schools are unable to implement this policy (RWJF, 2009) because of several factors including: Lack of personnel to cook healthy food Lack of cafeteria equipment Lack of time to devote to planning and buying supplies Unfor tunately they also offer Foods of Minimal Nutritional Value or FMNV. FMNV is actually a fancy word for junk food. According to USDA, FMNV are artificially sweetened foods and foods that gives less than the 5% of the Reference Daily Intake for each of the eight specified nutrients such as protein, Vitamin A & C, niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, calcium and iron (Molnar et al, 2006). It also doesn’t help that kids can get junk food and soda from the vending machine in every turn. One study about the â€Å"competitive foods â€Å"in Philadelphia showed that the top selling food in the school cafeteria are hamburgers, pizza, cookies, French fries, carbonated drinks, candy bars and of course chocolate (Probart et al, 2005). A report on the CDC website indicated that, from 2004 to 2006, the median percentage of secondary schools across states allowing students to purchase chocolate candy and salty snacks that are not low in fat decreased. It’s an Economic Concern Providing fr ee luch to students that below on low income families is not cheap (Probart et al, 2005): $.89 - $.97 per child for breakfast $1.54 - $2.28 per child for lunch Of this, each school is reimbursed only half of what they spen

Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Financial Management - Essay Example The data provided herewith were taken from sources of good repute. They unanimously illustrate the leadership of DIS in its sector and industry, and they altogether declare that DIS is a strategic buy at its current price range. Prospects for the US economy remains bleak as indicators currently report no improvement since the year 2007 when the downturn first set in. Since 2006, GDP has been decreasing year-on-year and all other economic variables have depicted the same economically bleak scenario. In 2008, the annual averages of the benchmark treasury rates and the federal fund rates have been lowered to 1.37 and 1.92, respectively, while the unemployment rate increased to 7.2%. In March 2009, the benchmark treasury rate and the federal fund rate were as low as 0.21 and 0.18, respectively, while the unemployment rate increased further to 8.5%. It should not be surprising that the series of disasters in the economic arena dealt a heavy blow to the overall investors' confidence in the financial markets. In the year 2008, the market indices took such drastic plunges that badly damaged the market valuation of listed companies - Dow Jones decreased by 35%, S&P 500 decreased by 39%, and NASDAQ decreased by 42%. The first quarter of the year 2009 further lowered Dow Jones to 7,608.92, S&P 500 to 797.87 and NASDAQ to 1528.59. (AOL Website) Despite the turmoil in the economy and in the financial markets, Walt Disney Company (DIS) has managed to do very well in 2008. Next to Time Warner Inc. (TWX), DIS is the second largest multimedia conglomerate in the world in terms of assets. It is into the production of movies, music, and television shows, the publishing of its renowned materials and the operation of its well-frequented theme parks. While shares of its holding company are traded in NYSE, Disneyland Corporation's subsidiaries are variously traded in the Buenos Aires stock market and in European bourses such as XETRA, Berlin, Stuttgart, Paris, Munich, Hanover, London and Paris. (Yahoo! Finance) Since January 2000, Robert A. Iger has been the company's President and Chief Executive Officer. (2008 Walt Disney Co Annual Report) Under his efficient leadership, DIS has come up with sales amounting to $37.8 billion and with a net income of $4.4 billion in 2008 - an impressive feat in the light of the prevailing economic scenario. DIS has over 150,000 employees and has assets worth over $64.9 billion as of the year-end of 2008. As of 01 May 2009, DIS has market capitalization amounting to over $40.73 billion. (Yahoo! Finance) Compared to its competitors, DIS also has done a lot better in the stock market. Comparing their 2008 year-end prices with their 2006 year-end prices, losses were computed at 33% for DIS, 73% for CBS Corporation (CBS), 56% for News Corporation (NWS), and 53% for (TWX). Their respective closing prices as of the end of April 2009 were

Football envy at the UN Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Football envy at the UN - Assignment Example The UN Secretary General states the it is contradicting that the UN claiming to represent all the nations in this world has lesser members than even FIFA. Further it is pointed out that teams put in extra effort for their nations in the world cup because all the nation is watching and praying for their success. There are players putting in more than a hundred percent. They work hard and play with the spirit of winning as the whole nation is expectant. If the fail the government is answerable and so is the team. Such enthusiasm and determination seen in football does not have its parallel in the whole world. Annan here points out that the teams which qualify for the World Cup are actually fighting for glory. There are teams which enter the first time hoping to perform well. All of them are patriotic and energetic for a single sport-football. The Secretary General siezes this oppurtunity to plead the point that this enthusiasm an spirit should also be demonstrated in the world of human ity. Similar to the competition in sports there should be a healthy competition between thhe countries. This competition should be for peace, for moving towards development, for the best standard of living and for the betterment of humanity. If the gowernments take responisibility of such areas then progress can be guaranteed.

Motivation of Employees in relation to managment in a organizational Research Paper

Motivation of Employees in relation to managment in a organizational setting - Research Paper Example ..10 New management motivational tools†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 ROWE (Result only work environment) program†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.12 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.13 Abstract: Motivation is the fuel to pump up the optimistic thought about the job. It is an inevitable fact which cannot be ignored by any organization. No matter what is the organizational structure of the company, but if the employees are not motivated then the output will fall drastically. However, this paper will focus on the motivational tools to reconstruct the organizational structure of the companies who are dealing with call centers. The management function is vital but all the functions in the Call centers are focused at par with employee satisfactions. This research work is a simple attempt to find out the ultimate motivational and operational loots to encourage the employees to work happily. Introduction: The aim of the paper is to investigate the proper way of practicing the management to achieve the best possible outcome for the call center employees. The recent business scenarios are very much focused on the positive outcomes. However, the present scenario in the business culture is changing and it is changing with the improvisation of the proper blend of traditional organizational behavioral approaches and the modern culture. The work cultures have changed and so the functions of the management must change accordingly to cope up the advanced employee satisfaction. The motivational tools must be explored beyond the traditional ways to satisfy the new age call center employees. Understanding the work culture in call centers: The work culture within a call center is far more different than any other organization. Most important part is the nature of the job. In most of the call centers employees are young and they look for many options to earn more money. However, the most important fact for the people who are in the operations of the call center is to keep the employees energy intact. These breaks are very much important to regain the energy and patience to take the calls again. The weekly party, on floor incentives and many more motivational tools are used to keep the employees minds within the jobs. The training plays a very important role in this scenario. Employees are constantly trained to perform accordingly. The employees in call centers deal with a huge database, and sometimes t hese database are very expensive and not to be disclosed or used or sold to other party. This can be taken as a serious crime. For an example, after the fraud case in Mphasis, the growth rate of the call centers was expected to go down to 30 percent (Jacques, 2006, p. 105). However, the scenario did changed but towards the positive side. Function of the management: Function of the management is one of the most vital factors to practice the best organizational behavior within the organization. However, the functions of

Health policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Health policy - Essay Example all Americans hold a health insurance, failing which they have to pay a fine, and secondly various measures have been taken to cut down health related costs. These methods include providing health care institutions rewards for cutting down costs while penalizing them for bad care. The results have been phenomenal so far as according to data taken from Jan 2012 to Dec 2013, there has been a significant 8% decline in readmission cases (The Economist). Obamacare is likely to free the health budget that currently makes up a very high percentage of the GDP, thus allowing the American government to spend the money in other feasible projects. I completely agree with the views presented it the article, as well as with the view with which Obamacare was introduced as I believe prior to this bill there was a lot of negligence and over charging done by doctors for their own benefit. However, this bill would put an end to such illegal practices and help save millions of dollars of US tax payers which can be routed to other important projects (The

Case Study summary Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case Study summary - Term Paper Example The company had staff performance appraisal program and believed in giving satisfaction to both staff and customers. Company provided many benefits to its workers which ensured a smooth running of the organization. However, problems aroused among employees with an issue of diwali gift and also gradually other problems started appearing slowly. The issues were relating to break, granting of leave, hostile attitude of workers etc. Eventually, company offered a raise in salary which was denied by the workers. Also some indiscipline behavior from the workers made the situation worse. The workers formed a union in due course and there was an attempt of conciliation between the company and workers which resulted in failure. With the onset of disruptive conduct from workers, the company banned the entry of workers to the company premises. A clash between police and employees occurred and all this led to a decrease in the productivity of the company .Ultimately, with the involvement of minis ter of haryana the situation in company got back to normal .The unrest among workers brought about a big damage to the productivity and goodwill of the company. The company had a big shock due to its damaged goodwill and declined productivity and this left the CEO of the company skeptical about his future growth. The key factors that led to the breakdown of industrial relations at HMSI.

Swot Analysis Essay Example for Free

Swot Analysis Essay SWOT Analysis is a famous tool to analysis overall strategic position of the business and environment. Besides, people used SWOT Analysis to identify their strategies and create a specific business model that best aligns all the resources and capabilities to requirement to environment which the firm operates. SWOT has divided into two, which is internal factors (S, W)that firm have some to measure it, meanwhile, external factors(O, T) is something not control by us. Strengths are qualities that enable company to achieve their mission; we can observe several strengths from Citibank. Citibank is a global network company by almost seven of the top ten banks in the world and considered as the market share leadership in world. Citibank has experienced to emerge into many foreign markets, although they had not always been a world- class success story. In addition, Citibank is an innovative company who always come out with some ‘new’ services to customer. By open a multinational account services, Citibank has gained the confidence from Japanese consumers. The strong focus on technology and innovative financial services help Citibank to won many awards. Citibank has a good training and development for their employee too. There is always a mentor to guide their employee progress. Hence, Citibank people are great demand from other banks. On the other hand, Citibank do have some weaknesses that may influence Citibank success and growth. They face some conflicts came from bad management and coordination. Citibank merged with Citicorp and Travelers group, there is a report of differences and conflict between two co-CEO, John Reed and Sanford Weill. This problem arises due to different cultures of two organizations. There may lead some communication problems between them, which by language and cultural barriers. External Factors has opportunity and threat, which is not under company control. Opportunity of Citibank is they have offered retail banking services. Citibank has launched their strategy of localized commitment, to employ 95% local employee in Japan. By implement this strategy, Citibank has become very popular by government. Citibank has many opportunities to expand to other foreign countries by implement the multinational account. It will win consumer heart and helps Citibank to become a first enter foreign market more successful. Citibank certainly have threat, the main threat of Citibank is competitor. Citibank’s major competitors include domestic and foreign competitors.  Examples of domestic company are Bank of Tokyo- Mitsubisi and Sanwa Bank. Foreign company are HSBC and Deutche Bank. But Citibank has many competitive advantages which are strong brand equity, innovation a nd localized high employees. With all these competitive advantages, Citibank has much percentage to win among so many competitors.

Acts of Rebellion Essay Example for Free

Acts of Rebellion Essay In 1984, Orwell presents the act of rebellion through love. Listen. The more men youve had, the most I love you. Do you understand that? this whole quote suggest that they are both rebelling, meaning that Julia has already rebelled in the past by having sex with other men. Also Winston is declaring that the more she rebels the more he would love her, which is also an act of rebellion in itself because love is unauthorized, by Big Brother. The most could suggest that Winston is encouraging everyone to rebel against Big Brother, which could mean that as Julia loves Winston, he is taking advantage of her by telling her that whatever Julia is doing is right that he is totally supporting her. Additionally this could mean that he wanted more people to be corrupt, and everyone to go to the wrong path and disobey Big Brother. Orwell presents the act of rebellion through love because in the Dystopian society there are strict rule that need to be followed, such as no having sex for pleasure, and this is clearly an act of rebellion as Julia had sex with lots of party member. Similarly in Romeo and Juliet where Shakespeare is presenting their love by rebelling, they are both willing to disobey the orders of the wise ones just to be with each other. Therefore stay yet; thou needst not to be gone proposes that Juliet is stubborn, as the Daughter of Capulet; she is used to get what she wants. Additionally Romeo declares to her Let me taen, let me be put to death This could emphasise that he is willing to die for Juliet and stay with her than live his life without her, this clearly shows that he is rebelling against all the rules put upon them, just to stay with Juliet. Not to be gone could suggest that Juliet is being bossy as she is ordering him to stay with her. But alternatively this could highlight that as men in the Elizabethan had power over women, and they were patriarchal meaning that Juliet was a bad influence on Romeo, and that she was almost a threat to his manhood. As he accepts defeat Romeo says let me put to death which could declare that Juli et is Romeos weakness and that if someone breaks Juliet, Romeo will also shatter.

Comparing Globalisation In 19th And 20th Century

Comparing Globalisation In 19th And 20th Century Globalisation is a trend that has developed enabling people around the world to communicate with each other much more easily. This has opened up a global market place where companies engage in worldwide manufacturing, marketing and distribution of their products and services. Nayyar (2006) defines globalisation as a process associated with increasing openness, growing economic interdependence and deepening economic integration in the world economy. Nayyar (2006) goes on to say that economic openness is not simply confined to trade flows, investment flows and financial flows, it also extends to flows of services, technology, information and ideas across national boundaries. Globalisation is prehistoric; according to Nayyar (2006) globalisation is not new. Ideally the result of globalisation is the integration of societies and economies and toppling of national barriers. When this happens, the division of labor rises in an international scope and multilateral trade in goods and services elevates, as well as capital flows and cross border business investments. According to Nayyar (2006) the two period of globalisation, the nineteenth and twentieth centurys, are similar in four ways: the absence or the dismantling of barriers to international economic transactions; the development of enabling technologies; emerging forms of industrial organization; and political hegemony or dominance. There were almost no restrictions on economic transactions across borders as the four decades from 1870 to 1913 were the age of laissez faire.. This was followed by three decades of autarchy and conflict during which international economic transactions were progressively constrained by barriers and regulations. However, during the second half of the twentieth century globalisation followed the sequence of deregulation. Trade liberalization came first, which led to an unprecedented expansion of international trade between 1950 and 1970. The liberalization of regimes for foreign investment came next and there was a surge in international investment which began in the late 1960s. Financial liberalization came last, starting in the early 1980s. Both phases of globalisation coincided with a technological revolution in transport and communications which brought about an enormous reduction in the time needed, as also the cost incurred, in crossing geographical distances. The second half of the nineteenth century saw the advent of the steamship, the railway and the telegraph whilst the second half of the twentieth century witnessed the advent of jet aircraft, computers and satellites. Emerging forms of industrial organization, in both phases, played a role in making globalisation possible. In the late nineteenth century, it was the advent of mass production which was characterized by a rigid compartmentalization of functions and a high degree of mechanization. In the late twentieth century, the emerging flexible production system, shaped by the nature of the technical progress, the changing output mix and the organizational characteristics (based on Japanese management systems), forced firms constantly to choose between trade and investment in their drive to expand activities across borders. The politics of hegemony or dominance is conducive to the economics of globalisation. The first phase of globalisation from 1870 to 1913 coincided with what has been described as the age of empire, when Britain more or less ruled the world. The second phase of globalisation beginning in the early 1970s coincided with the political dominance of the US as the superpower. Nayaar (2006) also highlights important differences between both the phases of globalisation in respect of trade flows, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows, financial flows and labor flows. During the period from 1870 to 1913, a large proportion of international trade was constituted by inter-sectoral trade, where primary commodities were exchanged for manufactured goods. This trade was, to a significant extent, based on absolute advantage derived from natural resources or climatic conditions. During the period 1950-75, inter-industry trade in manufactures, based on differences in factor endowments, labour productivity or technological leads and lags, constituted an increasing proportion of international trade. Since 1970 intra-industry trade in manufactures, based on scale economies and product differentiation, constituted an increasing proportion of international trade. Further now about one-third of the international trade is estimated to be intra-firm trade, that is, trade between affiliates of the same company located in different countries. The composition of intra-firm trade has undergone a change, characterized by a steady decline in the importance of primary commodities and an increase in the importance of manufactured goods and intermediate goods. There is also a marked difference between the two phases in respect of the spatial and sectoral distribution of FDI. During the second phase, its distribution between the developed and developing countries was more uneven than in the first phase. However, the 1990s witnessed an increase in the share of developing countries in FDI inflows, although still behind the developing countries. A small number of countries absorb the lions share of the FDI flows to the developing world. In 1913, the primary sector accounted for more than half (55%) of the long term foreign investment, followed by trade and distribution (30%), and the share of the manufacturing sector was very low. (10%). In the early years of this decade, the service sector accounted for about two-thirds of the FDI inflows. In the early twentieth century foreign investment was only long term. Two thirds of it was portfolios, while one third of it was direct although portfolio investment has risen sharply in the 1990s. In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, capital flows were a means of transferring investible resources to underdeveloped countries or newly industrializing countries with the most attractive growth opportunities. In the second phase, these capital flows were destined mostly for the industrialized countries which have high deficits and high interest rates to finance public consumption and transfer payments rather than productive investment. During the first phase of globalisation from 1870 to 1913, the object of financial flows was to find avenues for long-term investment in search of profit. During the second phase of globalisation since the early 1970s, financial flows are constituted mostly by short-term capital movements, sensitive to exchange rates and interest rates, in search of capital gains. The fundamental difference between two phases of globalisation is in the sphere of labor flows. In the late nineteenth century, there were no restrictions on the mobility of people across national boundaries. Passports were seldom needed. Immigrants were granted citizenship with ease. Between 1870 and 1914, international labor migration was enormous. The only significant evidence of labor mobility during the last quarter of the twentieth century is the temporary migration of workers to Europe, the Middle East and East Asia. The present phase of globalisation has also found substitutes for labor mobility in the form of the trade flows and investment flows. For one thing, industrialized countries now import manufactured goods that embody scarce labor The first phase of globalisation in the late nineteenth century was characterized by an integration of markets through an exchange of goods that was facilitated by the movement capital and labor across national boundaries. The second phase of globalisation is characterized by an integration of production with linkages that are wider and deeper, except for the near absence of migration. It is reflected not only in the movement of goods, services, capital, technology, information and ideas, but also in the organization of economic activities across national boundaries. This is associated with a more complex- part horizontal and part vertical-division of labor between the industrialized countries and a few developing countries in the world economy. References Nayyar, D. (2006) Globalisation, history and development: a tale of two centuries, Cambridge Journal of Economics, Vol. 30, No. 1: 137-159.

Joan of Arc :: Essays Papers

Joan of Arc One hundred years before the time of Joan of Arc France was developing a situation, which would thrust it into turmoil. At the time the ruler of France, King Charles IV, was sick and without an heir. Charles decreed that if the child that his wife was pregnant with turned out to be a boy, the boy would become king of France. However, the boy would rule with a regent until he reached an age of enough maturity to rule on his own. Charles’s decree also stated that if the child were to be a girl, then the twelve peers and the great barons of France should convene to decide upon the new rightful ruler of the country. The reason for this in a girl’s case was that there was an old French law that forbade women from claiming ownership of property, this meant that a woman could not be the heir to the throne. The child turned out to be a girl so the twelve peers and the barons convened with their meetings in Paris. While the meetings were taking place to make the momentous decisi on, the English sent a diplomat, which argued that the King of England had a claim to the throne of France. The English’s reasoning for this was based behind the fact that King Edward III was born by a French princess. The old French law would apply to the newly born French princess. However, Edward’s mother had married an English king, this in turn made her English and English women were allowed to own property. Edward III would then inherit the throne. The French, however, did not agree with their logic saying instead that they wished to follow their law and Charles’s decree. The committee chose Phillip of Valois as the new king of France. The English then went home without any land and thinking of the lands of France they had left behind. Shortly after began the Hundred Years’ War. The English won the majority of the battles and all of the large conflicts. They were, however, unable to conquer France. They were able to win the battles and take control of cities, but it is nearly impossible to rule a hostile people. After the majority of the war had past, the people of France began to divide and the favor eventually rested with the English. The Duke of Burgundy was one of those who allied themselves with England.

Native American Genocide :: American America History

Native American Genocide b. causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; c. deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; d. imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; e. forcibly transferring children of the group to another group. (Destexhe). In this paper, I will argue that the act of genocide as here defined, has been committed by the United States of America, upon the tribes and cultures of Native Americans, through mass indoctrination of its youths. Primary support will be drawn from Jorge Noriega's work, "American Indian Education in the United States." The paper will then culminate with my personal views on the subject, with ideas of if and how the United States might make reparations to its victims. In lieu of the well known and brutal "Indian Wars," there is a means of cultural destruction of Native Americans, which began no later than 1611. This method was one of indoctrination. Methods included the forced removal of children from their cultural milieu and enrollment of these children in "educational programs," which were intended to instill more European beliefs. As the United States was not formally a Nation, until 1776, it would not be fair to use evidence, before this year in building a case against it. The most damaging, to the United States, are parcels of evidence that are drawn from events after 1948, the year of the Convention on Genocide. Beginning in 1778, the United States Board of War, a product of the Continental Congress appropriated grants for the purpose of, "the maintenance of Indian students at Dartmouth College and the College of New Jersey..." The young people who had returned from the schools are described by Seneca leader, Cornplanter as, "...ignorant of every means of living in the Woods, unable to bear either Cold or Hunger, [they] knew neither how to build a Cabin, take a Deer, or kill an Enemy, [they] spoke our Language imperfectly, were therefore neither fit for Hunters, Warriors, nor Counselors; they were totally good for nothing" (Noriega, 376). Grants given to other schools was just the beginning. In 1820, the United States made plans for a large scale system of boarding and day schools Noriega, 377). These schools were given the mission to, "instruct its students in 'letters, labor and mechanical arts, and morals and Christianity;' 'training many Indian leaders'" Noriega, 378).

How do Heaney and Plath present their feelings in the blackberry poems? Essay

The two poems â€Å"Blackberrying† and â€Å"Blackberry-Picking† are similar in the sense of description of the blackberries. Both Sylvia Plath and Seamus Heaney present this fruit in a positive light, using thorough detail and both displaying their love for the blackberries with admiration. They are very similar in using strong and powerful language creating illusions and vivid images, almost making us feel as if we were experiencing this ourselves. Both of these poems start off describing Plath and Heaney’s lust for the blackberries and how much satisfaction the fruit gives them, but then both writers display their feelings about how everything changes and how this temporary happiness doesn’t last suggesting that life is not all pleasant. In the poem â€Å"Blackberrying†, by Sylvia Plath, the language is extremely effective, portraying a major change in tone. The first stanza tells us about Plath’s love for the blackberries. In the first three lines, she expresses her awareness of her surroundings and how amazed and content she is, with all this fruit around her. She does this using the word â€Å"blackberries† a number of times. This repetition is powerful as it stresses her enjoyment. She uses â€Å"dumb† and â€Å"thumb† as rhyming, to create a bigger visual image of the blackberries, representing the way they are viewed by her. She makes these blackberries sound sumptuous, luscious and juicy, making us crave them and making them sound mouth-wateringly tasty, by saying â€Å"Fat with blue-red juices† The lines â€Å"I had not asked for a blood sisterhood: they must love me†, show us that she is quite desperate and lonesome, that her blood sisterhood should be with these berries, not humans, and shows us the femininity of nature. â€Å"They must love me could be could be telling us how the blackberries show their love to her by leaving their juice on her fingers, being all that loves her maybe. This personifies nature as a female force, acting as her companion. In the second stanza, negative repetition us used, suggesting Plath is crying out for help, such as â€Å"nothing, nothing† and â€Å"protesting, protesting†. This stanza gets ready for the third, telling us that something unpleasant has come about, which is the flies, a visual image of them. They have become drunk on the juice of the berries. The flies are made to sound light, delicate, and beautiful, as â€Å"they believe in heaven.†, suggesting Plath does not. The last stanza of the poem represents finality, which we presume Plath may be talking about ending her life, when she says â€Å"The only thing to come now is the sea.† Plath uses onomatopoeia with â€Å"slapping its phantom laundry in my face.† It is effective as it shows the wind as harsh and abrupt. The poem is about nature at the start, and its is warm and loving toward the blackberries, but in the end, she uses the phrase â€Å"beating and beating at an intractable metal† as a sign of death, and being trapped in her life. The berries and juice are compliant In the poem â€Å"Blackberry-Picking† by Seamus Heaney, a descriptive and detailed account of picking blackberries is given. He uses many adjectives to do with colour to make the picture seam more real, tasty and ready to eat, such as â€Å"glossy purple clot†, and â€Å"red, green, hard as a knot.† This appeals to the reader in a sense that we want to read on and we are amazed at the language. This poem is contrasting, as in the first part, Heaney uses words such as â€Å"glossy† and â€Å"sweet flesh†, and the second part uses â€Å"fur† and â€Å"rat grey fungus† which sounds ugly and uninviting. The poem is really telling us about life in general. The feeling of getting our hopes up, and the disappointment that we experience in our daily lives. Being so joyful and enthusiastic about something one moment, and distraught and unhappy the next. The first stanza describes the sumptuous berries, and the second is describing how he plans to keep them, and the third leads to the disappointment that is faced. Heany transforms a normal fruit into a magical delectable act of nature, using the word â€Å"lust† which displays a strong desire for the fruit. He demonstrates this enthusiasm by naming all the different containers in the sense that they were picked out carelessly and without any thought absent mindedly in a very eager state. The ending of the poem shows us that there are always disappointments in our lives, and things that we have to be aware of, and that life isn’t all sweet. The phrase â€Å"Each year, I hoped they would keep, but knew they would not,† is telling us that Heaney got his hopes up, but a small part of him knew that in the end he would be let down.

Conflicts in the Godfather Essay

The Godfather is an insightful sociological study of violence, power, honor and obligation, corruption, justice and crime in America. Part I of The Godfather Trilogy centers on the Corleone crime â€Å"family† in the boroughs of New York City in the mid 1940s, dominated at first by the aging godfather/patriarch â€Å"Don† Vito Corleone. As a turn-of-the-century Silician immigrant, he is the head of one of the five Italian-American â€Å"families† that operates a crime syndicate. The ‘honorable’ crime â€Å"family,† working outside the system due to exclusion by social prejudice, serves as a metaphor for the way business (the pursuit of the American dream) is conducted in capitalistic, profit-making corporations and governmental circles. Although conflict in life may seem unpleasant, literature readers find it to be quite exciting. The characters involved within a conflict clearly stand out as to what they truly believe in and who they are as a person. In Mario Puzo’s, â€Å"The Godfather†, a number of conflicts are revealed through the Mafia underworld. The first, and most important conflict that is demonstrated in â€Å"The Godfather†, is revealed right away through â€Å"The Assassination Attempt on Don Corleone†. The Don shows the conflict of man vs. society by first refusing to enter the drug business. This decision, will ultimately effect the future conflicts that are revealed throughout the story. By refusing to participate in the drug business, the Corleone Family becomes outcasts of the five major crime families in New York. By doing so, the Don sparks the war between his family and the other five families. This war ends up lasting for several years and costs many lives. The second conflict that is present in â€Å"The Godfather†, is the conflict of divergent ideas vs. his father’s ideas. Santino, â€Å"Sonny†, Corleone, demostrates this conflict by deciding to go against his father’s beliefs. Sonny feels that drugs are the thing of the future and he decides that if his father dies, he will make the deal of entering the narcotics business. Tom Hagen, the adopted son of Vito Corleone, also believes that by entering the drug business, the Family will become much more successful later down  the road. A third conflict that is present in â€Å"The Godfather†, is the conflict of man vs. himself. This conflict is demonstrates through the character of Michael Corleone, the youngest son of the Don. Michael’s conscience is at war with his with his desire. After the assassination attempt on his father, Michael feels that he needs to get involved and help his father continue the Family business. However, his mind also feels that it is wrong to enter the criminal business. In conclusion, it is clear that many conflicts exist in Mario Puzo’s, â€Å"The Godfather†. They include, man vs. society, divergent ideas vs. father’s, and man vs. himself. Together, these conflicts create an intriguing plot that captures the viewer’s attention to the Mafia Underworld during the 1940’s and 1950’s in New York. Mario Puzo’s materpiece studies the power of conflicts that involve violence, power, honor, obligation, justice, and corruption.

Computer Crimes Ethics

March 17, 2013 March 17, 2013 David Miller: Portrait of a White-Collar Criminal David Miller: Portrait of a White-Collar Criminal Christine Quinones business info systems with lab Professor williams devry university Christine Quinones business info systems with lab Professor williams devry university Table of Contents How does Miller fit the profile of the average fraud perpetrator? How does he differ? How did these characteristics make him difficult to detect?†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Page 3 Explain the three elements of the opportunity triangle (commit, conceal, convert), and discuss how Miller accomplished each when embezzling funds from Associated Communications. What specific concealment techniques did Miller use?†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Page 3 What pressures motivated Miller to embezzle? How did Miller rationalize his actions?†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Page 4 Miller had a framed T-shirt in his office that said, â€Å"He who dies with the most toys wins. † What does this tell you about Miller?What lifestyle red flags could have tipped off the company to the possibility of fraud?†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Page 5 Why do companies hesitate to prosecute white-collar criminals? What are the consequences of not prosecuting? How could law enforcement officials encourage more prosecution?†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Page 5 What could th e victimized companies have done to prevent Miller’s embezzlement?†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Page 6 David L. Miller: Portrait of a White-Collar Criminal Question 1:How does Miller fit the profile of the average fraud perpetrator? How does he differ? How did these characteristics make him difficult to detect? Mr. Miller is a very sad case. He has all the qualifications of a stellar employee, but those traits are only there to mask who he truly is. He fits the average profile for the average fraud perpetrator because of the following: * The vast majority of fraud perpetrators spend everything that they steal. Only a very small percentage invest the money. Mr.Miller spent all the money and thus it explains why he stole from a new employer in order to repay the prior one. * Many white-collar criminals are stellar employees until that very moment when they are caught. They are always eager, work many days and long hours and are reliable employees. * Employers viewed Mr. Miller as an honest employee and it was because of this trust that he was placed in positions of sensitivity. * Mr. Miller had the life and behaved in the manner of your average citizen and did not raise any flags. He was an educated family man with values and good psychological framework.Even though he has some of the same traits as your average fraud perpetrator, he was harder to spot because of the many ways that he differed. Mr. Miller was not unhappy nor was he vengeful towards his employer. He also had never been convicted of his prior transgressions, and there were various. Normally, most of the fraud perpetrators are first time offenders and not serial offender as Mr. Miller has proven to be. This type of character is very difficult to spot because they do not tend to stand ou t. White-collar criminals are very educated talented individuals and are the perfect employee.No one would think that they would be capable of such deviant behavior. These people are placed in position of trust are usually work very hard and long hours for the employee. It is sad because there are many employees who possess these traits, but are truly honest and have the company’s best interest at heart. Question 2: Explain the three elements of the opportunity triangle (commit, conceal, convert), and discuss how Miller accomplished each when embezzling funds from Associated Communications. What specific concealment techniques did Miller use?The three elements to the opportunity triangle are as follows: * Commit – for this instance the perpetrator commits the fraud by taking something that is of value to the victim. For corporations this could manifest itself in the form of money and the corruption of financial records in order to conceal the fraud. A great example of this was displayed when he was able to convince not one but two senior officers into signing various checks with the excuse of â€Å"in case something happens† to sway them into signing before they were to leave on vacation. Conceal – to conceal is to hide, so for this to occur the perpetrator must try to conceal their crime. Accounting must be kept in balance in order to avoid from being discovered. They normally do this by increasing other assets or decreasing corporate liabilities and or equities. I think about lying. It is often too easy to say one, but to conceal that lie takes skill and time and perhaps more lies. On one of Mr. Miller’s transgressions he concealed his fraud through doctoring of records and removal of checks. He concealed a particular theft by retrieving canceled checks from the bank and taking the recordings and destroying the evidence.Then to further conceal what he did, he hid the amounts of the money that he stole into other expense acc ounts in order to be able to reconcile the books. Internal controls are in place for a reason and just because someone is in a position of trust, these should not be ignored and for this particular occurrence they were overlooked due to too much trust. * Convert – normally to convert is to take something that is stolen and converting it to cash. This could occur in the form of inventory or company equipment. However, Mr. Miller did not do either of these. His crime was done more indirectly.Mr. Miller was able to forge checks to himself and deposit them within his personal account. Even though checks were signed by approved officers, the intended use for the check was not approved and constitutes fraud on behalf of Mr. Miller. Question 3: What pressures motivated Miller to embezzle? How did Miller rationalize his actions? I do not believe that Mr. Miller had a lot of pressures. However, he stated, after undergoing therapy that his problem was a disease and went as far as to co mpare it to alcoholism and gambling, but this to me is an excuse or a way to rationalize what he had done.He felt that he needed to steal and have all the luxuries to be liked by his peers; which is sad because he was liked, but not for the reasons he thought, but by his working capabilities. You know you are guilty of something if you have to rationalize what you are doing. I did not notice too many explanations other than Mr. Miller had to steal from his new employer in order to repay the old one. Nonetheless, I feel that he truly believed his own excuse that he was simply borrowing and not really stealing. Sometimes our rationalizations of our actions are so powerful that we can even fool ourselves.Question 4: Miller had a framed T-shirt in his office that said, â€Å"He who dies with the most toys wins. † What does this tell you about Miller? What lifestyle red flags could have tipped off the company to the possibility of fraud? I truly feel sorry for Mr. Miller. His life seemed to be centered around money and materialistic obsessions. That shirt and his behavior showed his desire for money and power, but above all to be recognized by friends and peers. In the end it was Mr. Miller’s extravagant way of living in comparison to his salary proved to be his undoing.When you have a salary of just $130,000 a year, you cannot afford the â€Å"toys† that he had. He had overall a large house, a condo on Myrtle Beach, tailored suits, monogrammed shirts, plenty of jewelry, gifts for relatives and above all the two Mercedes-Benz sedans that he just so happened to possess. In the synopsis there was no mention of his wife working, but with his salary and their 3 children, there was no reason for her to work and this logic is what led me to believe how his salary to possession ratio would raise a few red flags. Question 5:Why do companies hesitate to prosecute white-collar criminals?What are the consequences of not prosecuting? How could law enforcem ent officials encourage more prosecution? Even though we see in the news about CEO’s and CFO’s being prosecuted for fraud and embezzlement, in actuality, fraud against a corporation happens more frequently than one would think. The following are a few reasons why I feel that corporations are hesitant to prosecute white-collar criminals: * Lack of knowledge – many of the law enforcement agencies, attorneys or lawyers lack the knowledge in how to properly handle these types of cases.As technology use becomes ever so prevalent, the task is becoming more difficult as computers are a whole new playing field that is yet to be learned. * Aloofness by Society – unless the loss happens to you, society is more concerned with crimes of violence against another than monetary. The internal theft of funds within a corporation are seen as just that an internal problem. * Difficulty Prosecuting – unless you are lucky and have a confession from the perpetrator, lik e in Mr. Miller’s case to which he confessed in every event, you have a costly and lengthy case that will prove to be rather hard to prove.Prosecution can sometimes cost more than the theft itself and it is not seen as an incentive to prosecute. * Lack of understanding on what computer fraud really is. Computers and the internet are pretty new things and as such the laws and ways to prosecute are very vague and hard to understand. * Guilt on the outcome of the perpetrators family. Because Mr. Miller in every event promised restitution and had a wife with 3 children, the companies felt that prosecuting was heartless and they did not wish to cause harm to the family.One corporation, Crest even hired the attorney to represent Mr. Miller. * Negative shadow against the corporation – Companies do not like anything that could hinder their public image. Mr. Miller’s transgressions would cause a very public trial and a lot of investors would have been involved. This woul d have caused many to remove their investment. Overall, the corporation would suffer greatly. * Knowledge that their weaknesses would be exposed. Lack of trust in the internal controls or any discovery of weaknesses would have caused a lot of future damage against a corporation.People are creatures of trust and habit and once trust is broken, it is very hard to return and provide that trust again. This would hurt future business that the corporation would have. Look at Enron, AIG, and Bernie Madoff, to name a few. * My favorite of all would be those that are prosecuted and the outcome is favorable to the victim, the perpetrator gets very light sentences. Many go to minimum security prisons, work camps that have certain luxuries. Because of this many corporations do not even bother in spending the additional funds in prosecuting these cases.The above named are mere excuses and to not prosecute fraud causes more harm. It allows for the perpetrator to move on to commit fraud against an other corporation, like in Mr. Miller’s case. By having this exposure, corporations feel that they will feel that they will look to others as being weak and will encourage others to commit fraud against them. When someone is not punished for their transgressions that person will not learn and feel that they can get away with it again if they get caught. Law enforcement officials are stuck and all they can do is encourage others to come forward and report the offenses.Corporations need to know that if they take action that there will be a support system and their voices will not be lost. They need to be sure that the perpetrator will be convicted accordingly depending upon their transgressions. They need to be made an example of, so that the public know that this behavior is not tolerated and it is a serious offense that will be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law. Question 6:What could the victimized companies have done to prevent Miller’s embezzlement? When I read the synopsis, I was looking for how Mr.Miller committed many of the frauds, but not much detail was revealed. However, the best way that the corporations could have avoided this was to have better internal controls and adhering to them. I would have prevented some of the thefts by doing the following: * Having better controls of the checks and the signing of checks. * Secondary looks at the monthly reconciliations and the bank statements. * Provide a list of all check deposits with the subsequent invoice explaining the reason for the expense. No employee should have the level of trust and freedom that Mr. Miller was given.There always needs to be a system of checks and balances in place in order to ensure and prevent this from happening. I can understand that these positions merit trust, but there should be a second person looking at the financials to curb any temptation for even the most honest to commit fraud. Had the first employer chosen to prosecute none of this would have happened. However, the future employers could have avoided all of this had they just bothered to do a more thorough background check on Mr. Miller. There they would have discovered the reasons for his separation from his prior employment.

P G in China

In 2008, P&G has become a company with the 6th biggest market value, and has a sale of approximately $45 billion. In 1988, P&G entered the market in the Great China Area due to the potential customers and profits hidden behind it. Up to this date, P&G has established 0 joint ventures and proprietorship in major cities like Guanos, Beijing, Tannin, Shanghai, etc. In this dissertation, we will carefully analyze its international operations in the Great China Area and examine the factors that made its success. We will first analyze the reasons why it entered China in the first place by looking into different aspects of China's overall image.Then, we are going to look further into the operational strategy it uses to keep itself functioning. We will also examine the procedure of how it manages its staffing across the sea and hires local employees. Besides, we will talk about TTS marketing strategies in the Great China Area market by looking into the ops (Products, Price, Promotion and Pla ce) of P China and P Hong Kong. Reasons to enter the Great China Area It is reasonable and necessary for international corporations such as P to enter the Great China Area market. Reasons as following: Increase the sale; Decrease the cost; Increase the popularity; Meanwhile, it is also really important to analyze the risks for entering the market.Here is the risk assessment for entering the great China market. The risk assessment based on following six elements: political stability–the stability of politics and overspent, the more stable the better; market chances–the number of customers and the purchase power of customers, the higher the better; economic development and achievement–the growth of economic and the expectation for the future, the higher the better; legal impediment-?the restriction from the law, the less the better; physical impediment–the restriction from resources, the less the better; differences in terms of culture- -to what extent is t he domestic culture different from foreign cultures.The political stability in China: China is a socialist country and always controlled by en regime–the communist party of China. The government has high control in the country and do not need to worry about other regime within the country. Therefore, the political stability in China is good for investing. The market chances in China: China owns the biggest population in the world. The potential market in China is huge, especially when the need for imported goods grows so fast in recent years in China. The economic development and achievement in China: China keep growing fast in recent year and the growth rate keeps rising. In 2007, the GAP growth rate was 1 1. 4, and the GAP as 24. 6619 trillion dollars.In 2008, the GAP rise to 30 trillion dollars. According to the data in terms of GAP and the growth rate, the economic environment in China is appropriate. The legal impediment in China: China's legal system is new in the world after the reform. There are some bugs on laws exist in China and some people or company utilize it, and there are some unreasonable laws exist. However, the Chinese legality system keeps improving and the relative laws to foreign company are always good for investors. In terms of legality system of China, it is good for entering and investing. The physical impediment in China: the land area in China is 960 million square kilometers which ranks 4th in the world.China is also a main energy import and export country in the world, with the north temperate zone having the most. Overall, China owned lots of resources and has potential. The difference in terms of cultures: There are many differences between the eastern culture and the western culture. China is a socialist country and most western countries are capitalist country. The language is also a problem, Chinese is one of the most difficult languages in the world ND the Chinese culture is the oldest culture olives in the world. Now adays Chinese are willing to touch new culture and lean new technologies. The culture difference could be a problem meeting in China.Overall, China as a stable-politics country with high growth rate is a talented market and the risk for entering is acceptable. Operational strategies of P&G China Procter & Gamble (P&G) entered Chinese market in 1988, P&G and Hutchison Hampton LTD. Had a joint venture together and invested Procter & Gamble China LTD. Company with 70% and 30% company share respectively. P&G takes advantages from the joint venture P&G china Ltd. The company has more stable financial resources and larger economies of scale. More importantly, could share risk with its partner initially in an unfamiliar international market. P&G China set its headquarter in Guanos. It cooperated with its first partner for operation—–the Guanos soap factory Ltd.P&G China kept the factory core product, Joshua brand shampoo, and bought out its rest products and stop the producti on. This local partner is very helpful to P&G. Guanos soap factory has its own production factory, mature supply networks, good local brand reputation, some profitable reduces and local distribution and sale networks. Moreover, Guanos soap factory has connection with Guanos government which helps receive supports and benefits from government. From the current point, this is one successful case for international cooperation. P&G China did adequate marketing research for Chinese market. The company firstly chooses some product categories which has lower entry restrictions such as hair care products, skin care products.Meanwhile these product categories are very profitable and have huge growth space with perspective of market development and product development. This is one of the important reasons why China could continue growing in a fast speed after it entered China. In order to save cost, increase profit and better control operation, P&G was looking for more local partners to produ ce its products. So far, P&G owns or controls more than 1 0 subsidiary corporations around China area especially in big cities such as Beijing, shanghai, Changed etc. P&G learnt a lot from its first partner—- Guanos soap factory, the company selects its partners with requirements.That is the partner company should be in small size but could fill gaps in P&G's value chain. In this way, first of all, P could use its size and brand reputation easily control or take the major part in the corporation to keep its operating stability. Then, P could use partners resources for local production, distribution or even social networks and more. Two companies could arrange a co-specialization situation. However, P also had problems from its partners especially in the area of washing powder. For example, the cooperation with Beijing second daily chemical factory. The factory used to have its panda brand washing powder products.After the factory joined P and became P panda washing powder fac tory, the reduce and brand were kept. During the operation, the factory campaniles that P smaller its brand logo image on the product which may affect its brand reputation and consumer reputation. On the other hand, some employees left the factory and set up their own Company to produce similar products as panda brand washing powder product which involves within copyright issues. Similar problems happened when P China cooperate with Changed oil chemical factory. P china should do more research about the culture of Chinese companies. They are very protective about their own brand and reputation.They are afraid of losing control, and lots of facts show that they may use illegal methods to â€Å"protect† their profits. The lessons P learnt from failure cooperation will help them gain experience and better collaborate with Chinese companies. China could not be successful without its efficient and effective distribution and sale strategies. We mentioned, P has many local partners around China and the company used its size and big brands take over the control in the corporation. In this way, P can fully use local partners distribution network resources without influence. P has different progress and use different methods for underside market and urban market.The marketing teams are better specialized and tasks are more specific. The operation will be more efficient and effective for different markets. Work with distribution partners. The company has both whole sale partners and retailer partners. P formulates concrete policy to benefit both types of partners. And the company is currently seeking corporation with big franchisee retailers such as Walter. P has a complete and mature system to manage its distribution network. Logistics Management P has a chosen a reliable third party logistics service provider to be in hare of almost all of its products' distribution-?Bagging Logistics Group.With the special â€Å"door-to -door† service and the principle O f â€Å"Customer comes first†, Bagging has built a big logistics operating network throughout China for P&G, and by having thousands of well-trained workers performing the â€Å"door-to-door† service to consumers, it saves P&G 6 million every year of cost on logistics. Inventory Management Fist of all, having a good sale on its products implies that it has to control every kind of its goods at an acceptable quantity, for example, P&G cannot increase the production of Durable intensively just because it is earning none, because it has a high externally cost to the environment, which government will raise the price of it. If P&G is having too much inventory of Durable batteries while the price of it is increasing at the same time, the sale will see an instant drop, and this gap between production and consumers' will to purchase it would even lead to diminishing of the brand.Therefore, P has to conduct very serious speculation and forecast before it decides how much inven tory it is going to have. Vendor-Managed Inventory is the strategy P prefers to use when it comes to dealing with inventories in Great China Area, a market with tens of thousands of suppliers. The vendors has an agreed inventory of P's products kept in their through the communication with the provider through a information system, EDI (Electronic Data Interchange). In this information system, effective and useful information is exchanged between the producers(I. E. , P&G) and the vendors, so P&G will know when a vendor needs more inventory in his store and can make quick adjustment to it.In this process, a third party logistics providers can also be involved and adjust and demand and supply to ensure the vendors has the squired level of inventory, which greatly reduce the cost of the transferring of the inventory. Human resource management of China Richard Duper, the former CEO of P&G, once said: † If you leave our warehouses, money and our brand here, but take away our men, w e will be nothing; however, if you take away all our warehouses, money and our brand but leave our men, we will rise again. † P&G has entered Chinese market since 1988, more than 25 years. It currently has more than 7000 employees around great China area.Effective human resource management is one of the keys that made P&G China's success. But how exactly does P manage its staffs exactly? Systematic Advantage Localize its team: back in 1 988, P China has more foreign employees than Chinese, but now 98% of P China' employees are local people. Local teams could help better fit into local market and save labor costs. However, P&G still keeps its core positions for foreign employees. For example, the research and develop department, most positions in top management. In this way, P&G ensure it fully control the company and make strategy decisions. Efficient training system: P&G has standard and complete training system for its employees globally.The training helps every local employ ee understand the job itself and the company. Therefore, employee could better understand how could they contribute the company and have better career opportunities. Nice working environment and transparent rewards and punishment system: P&G try to build nice working environment for its employees. The company set standard for employee treatment and try to build friendly and fair company culture to raise its employ satisfaction. Therefore, employees are more motivated and they have higher loyalty for the company. Meanwhile, has a transparent rewards and punishment system in order to keep employees' motivation.Selection system: P has very complete employee selecting system and the company is willing to train inexperienced youths. It has connections with various education institutions around great China area. International Staffing Local hiring P owns more than 50 branches in China, and every branch is open for the first round of employment. P does not need the person to have the match ing experience for the job position that he is applying for, however, basic concept and professional skills is required. After filtering the original applicants, the remaining applicants will be sent to P's headquarter in Guanos for the second round, and also the last round of the interview.In order to make sure that the interview is unbiased and legitimate, at least 3 managers from headquarter in China are required for every interview. Also, given the fact that all the applicants need to spend a considerable amount of money, not matter living near or far from Guanos, all the expenses for every applicant are covered by China. The interview can be broken into four parts: Icebreakers, Questioning, Information Exchange and Final Appraisal. The Questioning stage is when the famous P&G's Eight Questions re asked. The questions are made by Human Resource Department in P's headquarter in US, however, the way they are tested is different in the Great Chain Area.According to our interview in P&G Hong Kong, the facial expression and the logics behind an applicant's answer are what matter the most while in the IIS the completion and structure of the answer are major considerations, as P is trying to make its employees match to standard for even surpass the standard P set for its employees around the world.. In the Great China Area, the hiring of staff also follows the same principle that he company is always trying to emphasize: The quality and moral of the person comes first. Fresh graduates from a first-class university in China, due to their flexibility and competitiveness, are the type of applicants that P China adores the most. The data has shown that 90% of the new employees are university graduates from all over China.Expatriate Once an applicant is officially an employee of P China, a series of complicated and motivating training await for them. Due to the flexibility of college students, it is usually very easy for them to absorb the management mode and thinking model quickly. As a result, spends an average Of $30 million on over 1 00 expatriated staffs every year from US in order to better instill the values of the company into employees' mind. For the expatriated employees, most of them are native American workers at managerial level, they are transferred to China mainly to train the â€Å"new born† employees, give managers at positions suggestions and be in charge of the interviews of applicants. Due to the great staff welfare policy P&G has, managers from U.S are given a big increase on their salary for â€Å"compensation†, as they have to be exposed to a completely different culture ND pay more tax give that they are working in two places. However, because of the increasing caliber and standard of Chinese managers, a lot of them are actually being sent to headquarter in Ohio, U. S for further development. Data has shown that an average of 100 Chinese managers and 10 managers from Hong Kong are sent to U. S every year. Ma rketing strategies of P&G China Products The products of household care category that P&G offered in the Great China Area vary according to different regions. For example, in the mainland market and Hong Kong market, the following items are available as shown: China Hong KongDetergent Ariel, Tide FAA Battery Durable Diaper pampers Pampers Indoor Fragrance Iambi Purr As can be seen from the data given, the types of household care products are quite different be;en China and Hong Kong. After our analysis, the following factors can give rise to this situation. Demographical Difference As a country With a huge population, China generates a great demand for basic household care product, I. E. , detergent. As a result, more kinds of detergent are expected in the Chinese market. Also, with more people from rural areas entering the city nowadays, detergents with a lower price (Tide, Ariel) compared to FAA are more accepted. Beside this, the increasing variety of people in China mainland ind icates a more diverse demand when it comes to daily-use products.Hong Kong, on the other hand, tends to have a much smaller and less diverse population, therefore the need generated for many kinds of detergent is not very intensive. Also, Hong Kong has launched some of its own local brands ( e. G. , FUD(Axe), Lagoon) for batteries and detergent that already established great trust among consumers, making it harder for P&G to have many brands to compete with them. Psychological Difference As said before, with the increasing variety of Chinese population, people are starting to have different demands and options on the kind of detergent they purchase as a result of the different kinds of fabrics and clothing materials they have. The increase of the demand implies that there need to be a more complex system of commodities, especially in detergent.However, when it comes to Hong Kong, as said before, the small population has somehow unified people's need for multiple brands; besides, it is worth-mentioning that as a city that represents the modern culture and financial business activities, Hong Kong folks tend to care more about their personal image appearing to others, and this is mainly why there exists the demand for an indoor fragrance product (Iambi Purr) in Hong Kong. Price Price is an extremely important and most uncertain factor in the market. A setting of a price is to increase a product's sale and generate profits for it. A good pricing strategy combines both the consideration of its own cost and consumers' affordability, and is a reflection of the variable market as well. Being a company known for its reasonable prices, P has unique pricing strategies for its household care products.First of all, having segmented the market, P launched different sizes of detergent and charge them with different price to cater needs for detergent and batteries from different levels. For Tide 360, three kinds of package are being introduced to the market: 2. 9 for egg(an a verage of Y 0. 97 /keg) ; YE. 9 for egg (Y 10. 5 /keg) and 15. 9 for 1. Keg (Y 9. 6 /keg). To capture the market in less developed areas, P has produced an â€Å"economical package† of 34. 8 for 5 keg ( 6. 96 / keg). What is more, due to the wider spread of thriftiness, P uses odd-even pricing more intensively in the Great China Area than it does the North America. In a supermarket, prices like Y 2. 9 , *11. 9 can often be seen when we look at some of the batteries and detergents sells, in order to make consumers consciously think that the price is collaboratively set after a series of considerations, and thus view the items as cheaper and a lot more worth- buying. Also, for products like Pampers, aims to use skimming pricing strategy to maintain its market place. Targeting at groups with higher income, this strategy makes Pampers more expensive than the rest, thus creating the feeling among consumers that Pampers are better than other reduces in terms of quality standards, e ffects and values. It is also worth- mentioning that with this strategy applied to shampoos such as Heads , Swanson, P has made an instant success, gathered larger group of consumers and increased the customers' loyalty by a great deal.Last but not least, P&G sets its price by paying a great deal of attention to the moving direction of its competitors, mostly from Milliner, to say in other words: is constantly adjusting its price according to the movement from Milliner in order to remain competitive in the field. In 2013, due to the economic downturn in the Great China Area, Milliner has been forced to lower its price in order to keep the original consumers they have. The price of a egg package Mom, a leading brand in detergent owned by Milliner, has decreased from YE to Y 33. 4 , half as expensive as it used to be. As a result of this practice, P&G decreases the price of Tide of the same package from 38 to Y 32 , a little bit less than Milliner, just to keep getting hold of the mar ket.As we can see from above, low price strategy is also an important strategy that helps P&G to stay firmly in the business. Note: American Dollar 1 = Y 6. 206; Canadian Dollar $ 1= *5. 780 Promotion As one of the strongest and most competitive commodity company in the world, what sort of promotion techniques should P&G have in order to generate new demand and face the challenges from the variable Chinese market? Increasing the number of its brands. Up to this date, P&G has over 300 brands covering fashion industry, health, household care products, cosmetics, perfume and food, etc. With a large coverage in the market, P&G does a great job in bringing in everyone's attention.Also, Sometimes, the brands in competition with each other are tooth from P, making profit for What is more, due to the trust built in customers in Chinese market, it is very easy for P to sweep out other local brands and develop at a steady pace. Advertisement For large companies aiming for the whole market, ad vertising is without a doubt a very useful â€Å"weapon† for the company's growth In long stand. A good advertisement cannot only bring the company massive profits, but can also build a good brand image for the company as a whole. Large amount Of investment In 2011, P&G spent Y 33. 26 billion in the Great China Area, over six times than what it had spent ten years ago.Besides, it is worth-mentioning that the total expenditure on advertisement in 2011 was *55. 89 billion , indicating that views the Great China Area as a very important market. It is shown that among ten brands with the most advertising expenditure in 2005, half of them are P&G's brands. Appropriate and effective content The common technique it uses is by comparison: the person in the clip will usually show the difference between P and other brands. Tide and Durable are typical examples for this; Also, P will have a professional presenting the daily problems, and then provide the solution by introducing a ewe pr oduct. Oral-B in the health category is an example of this technique.Both techniques successfully capture consumers' needs and make them want P&G's products even more. Good choice of people Having a person everyone loves in the advertisement certainly means more people will start thinking about the products, and P is always wisely choosing the person in the advertisement to make sure it generates a great effect in its potential market. Philanthropy as another advocating method In 2007, donated *7. 5 million to China Education Development Foundation, initiating the â€Å"Quantifications]ahoy† (National Healthy Education Plan); In 2010, spent another million on aiding China Social Welfare Foundation, mainly for letting children from less developed area have a better Children's Day (Novo. 10th); From 2007 to 2009, P&G has donated 4 million three times consecutively to Project Hope in order to help kids who cannot finish school in China; In total, P&G has donated to build 131 ele mentary schools in China from 1 991 to 2008, and it has been planning to build 200 by the end of 2010. Etc. Place On Gag 18th1988, entered China as a join venture with two soap companies and a foreign trade corporation in Guanos. After two months, Head& Shoulders, the first brand P&G has in the Great China Area, was launched, and in only two months, more than 95% Of the population in Guanos has known the brand. After twenty years of development, P&G has now become the biggest commodities company with a sale of almost 18 billion every year in the Great China Area, making China the second largest market throughout P&G's global operation.When P first entered China, China was still going through the stage of reformation and opening up. Gudgeon Province, where Guanos is at, was one of the few regions that darted trading with other countries, which provided a great deal of opportunity for foreign companies like and Milliner. Studies have shown that an estimated value of 26. 2 billion doll ar per year is created solely from foreign direct investment during the period between 1979 and 2007, while in 2007 the FED was even increased to 74. 8 billion dollar. Also, it cannot be denied that the caring policies towards the infrastructures and resource allocation are another major reason why P chose Guanos.With the construction of industrial areas and the introduction of less tax to companies, P saved a great amount of money on the start up cost, and thus was able to develop at a faster and steadier pace. Besides these, Guanos, as a terminal in the Peking- Guanos Railway, Guanos can provide P with a convenient distribution system and provide guarantee to the allocation of P's products throughout coastal areas in China. Summary P&G chooses enter China, an emerging market and place of resources. P&G keeps the growth of its economies of scale, increases revenue and decreases cost.

Business Law in Canada for Vicarious Liability †Free Samples

In order to ensure that clients are protected by businesses, their is the need to ensure that there is a clear structure that has been put in place to guarantee the same. Vicarious liability is one of the doctrines that has been put in place in order to ensure that mistakes that are made by employees while in the course of their duty are placed on the businesses. This ensures that employers are able to manage their employee effectively in order to ensure that no mistakes are realized as a result of the same. As it has been noted above, vicarious liability does not place too much liability to businesses. It is essential for employers to ensure that their employees effectively handle their clients in order to minimize any risk that may be imminent. It must also be understood that   bouncers do not have equal power to police officers. Therefore, they should not be allowed to harass people while on duty to a point whereby damage is realized. This should be blamed on the employer who should be able to train their employees on how to behave and handle clients. Nickels, W. G., McHugh, J. M., McHugh, S. M., Cossa, R., & Sproule, B. (2010). Understanding Canadian Business.  McGraw-Hill Ryerson, Toronto, ON. Yates, R. A. (2012).  Legal Fundamentals for Canadian Business. Pearson Education Canada. Fudge, J., Tucker, E., & Vosko, L. F. (2003). Employee or Independent Contractor-Charting the Legal Significance of the Distinction in Canada.  Canadian Lab. & Emp. LJ,  10, 193. Yates, R., Bereznicki-Korol, T., & Clarke, T. (2002).  Business   law in Canada. Scarborough, Ont.: Prentice Hall. Tardif v.  Wiebe 1996 Carswell B.C. 2438  (B.C.S.C.) Bowal, P., & Bontorin, L. (2014). Vicarious Liability: The Legal Responsibility of Employers.

Racism in football. final chapter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Racism in football. final chapter - Essay Example We can consider anti-racist campaigns as organisations, which aim to suggest a programme whereby the public and organisers tackle racialised inequalities. The first part of the chapter will explore the various types of initiatives and discuss how effective they have been. A crucial point here is that there is no ‘real’ way of knowing how effective a campaign is or was. This is because one could interview fans to see their thoughts and attitudes throughout the years but there would still be questions raised about the reliability of the answers and the idea of how to ‘measure’ the change in attitudes. To begin with I would like to discuss ‘fanzines’ and the role of the Football Supporters Association (FSA). Fanzines are magazines, which aim to shift the idea of the football fans as ‘mobs’. These fanzines are produced independently from the football clubs and set out to raise issues about racism and football generally1 thus they can clearly be used as an anti-racist campaigning device (Back et al., 2001). The FSA is a pressure group that aims to express the opinions of supporters and its main aim is to gain an improvement in the facilities and services offered to fans as well as a legitimate way to represent all football fans. Liverpool supporters established it in 1985 and it was an organisation where supporters could talk about football in a positive way. The FSA and fanzines worked in conjunction to promote a message to the fans and the general public. The issue of racism is a complex one, especially when fans are portrayed in various fanzines as racist skinheads. According to Back et al. this image overshadows the ‘banal and the very ordinary face of racism†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (2001:188) and the racist is seen in a very narrow sense. Therefore, one weakness of these fanzines is that racist fans are constructed in a stereotypical way and a move away from these images may

Give your own,, Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Give your own,, - Essay Example For this purpose the steps will be as follows; Step-1: Some of the erstwhile support staff will accompany Bridget to her new home and if possible try spending couple of hours or a day together with her in her new home. This will not only make her comfortable in the new environment, but will also assure her about the availability of easy help when she requires it in future. Step-2: While revisiting Bridget on the third day, an effort would be made to take note of her experience in the new surroundings, some of the problems that she faced or what made her happy in the new environment. It is worthwhile here to mention that these elaborations must be elicited from her in an informal manner, without letting her be conscious about the feedback. The support plan in this case must take into account the history of Bridget, her preferences etc. Bridget has suffered quite a lot in the past and she has many more years ahead for her. Therefore, the support plan must take a long term perspective of the issues with her. While reservations have been expressed about her coming to terms with the alcoholic abuse problem, the fact that she is being allowed to move back to her flat is an indication enough of her becoming a reformed citizen. Key aspects for her support plan are; Often people make use of alcoholic to get rid of tension, isolation and depressing tendencies. A schedule of activities like routine exercises, visit to market, phone call to the social worker, visit to the hostel etc. must be planned out for Bridget. This will keep her busy enough to take recourse to liquor. Purpose of such a schedule is to make sure that Bridget doesn’t come across circumstances like mood swings, involving periods of excessive euphoria or bouts of intense depression. Efforts must also be planned out to locate the whereabouts of her two kids, so that she gets to lead a normal life in times to come.

Focus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Focus - Essay Example As a result, there was mass migration as they sought settlement to countries that they could live, achieve and participate as equal citizens. America offered such opportunities welcoming all immigrants owing to its developing industrial capabilities. There was a surge of Jewish immigrants from in mid-nineteenth century following a new era of violence and anti-Jewish sentiments in most regions of Europe. The interactions between Americans and immigrants was characterised by inclusion and assimilation where the immigrants adopted a new culture in order to fit into the new country (Klinger n.d).This was guaranteed by the American legal system, which acknowledged that all men were created equal and as such, they deserved equal opportunities in America. This is as opposed to the European version that described Jews by appearance, cultural, social and religious positions. Moreover, legal impositions in Europe by the majority Christian population were vastly strict against the Jews. However , the tranquillity that existed ceased in its roots as a court case legally established that the separation and discrimination were synonymous. This established ground for open discrimination against fellow Americans based on the colour of their skin as opposed to what they can do. In other words, the court assertion made discrimination legal thus legalising bigotry. This marks the beginning of racism and discrimination against Jew living in America (Foner, 2012). Arthur Miller’s novel is set in New York as the Second World War ends to be a direct confrontation to American anti-Semitism. The book focuses on Lawrence Newman, an American of English descent, and the personnel manager in large company who quits his job citing mistreatment. This owes to his resemblance to Jews after acquiring glasses, a sentiment shared by his mother. He shares prejudices of his neighbours who seem determined to confront a Jewish candy storeowner until he is on the receiving end of similar prejudi ces. Miller highlights discriminatory acts against Jews living in America in his time, which involves hiring procedures, residential places, political participation among others. Jews were denied employment opportunities in most establishments and applicants had to under vigorously screening to edge out Jewish candidates. The tactics used in denying such opportunities include exclusion, tokenism and quota system especially private industries with executive and management levels (Glock, 1979).As such, the Jews had difficulty in obtaining or maintaining positions in places of employment. This is echoed in Focus as Miller, describes how Newman has difficulty in landing a new job following his resemblance to Jews. Ironically, when he gets one, he is employed in a Jewish establishment that seems to embrace all. Similarly, the public generated negative sentiments towards the presence of Jewish residents within their neighbourhood. As such, extreme groups such as the Christian Front sought to engage violently their Jewish neighbours in a bid to scare them off the neighbourhood. The negative attitude towards Jews left no room for tolerance, which saw residents attached for their religious beliefs. This is no different in Miller’s book when alliances are forged against Jews ‘elements’ in the Focus neighbourhood. Jews were also not admitted in social clubs such as country clubs among other public places on a regular basis. This can be attributed to the social status of the members who were accorded respect depending on the company